N-substituted imidazoles and their salts as antifungal agents

ABSTRACT

CERTAIN N-SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLES AND THEIR SALTS HAVING FUNGISTATIC PROPERTIES ARE PROVIDED REPRESENTED BY 9-(4FLUORROPHENYL)-9-IMIDAZOLYL-THIOXANTHENE. TYPICAL FUNGI ARE TRICHOPHYTON SPECIES, MICROSPORON SPECIES, CANDIDA SPECIES AND PENICILLIUM SPECIES. THE COMPOUNDS ARE ALSO ACTIVE AGAINST PATHOGENIC PROTOZOA, VIRUSES AND BACTERIA.

United States Patent Oifice Patented June 5, 1973 No Drawing. Original application Nov. 12, 1969, Ser. No.

876,033, now Patent No. 3,647,816. Divided and this application July 9, 1971, Ser. No. 161,270 Claims priority, application Germany, Nov. 29, 1968, P 18 11 654.6 Int. Cl. A61k 27/00 U.S. Cl. 424-273 22 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Certain N-substituted imidazoles and their salts having fungistatic properties are provided represented by 9-(4- fluorophenyl)-9-imidazolyl-thioxanthene. Typical fungi are Tricliophyton species, Microsporon species, Candida species and Penicillium species. The compounds are also active against pathogenic protozoa, viruses and bacteria.

CROSS-REFERENCE This is a division of Ser. No. 876,033, filed Nov. 12, 1969, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,647,816.

The present invention relates to certain new N-substituted imidazoles and salts thereof, to a process for their production and to the formulation and use thereof as pharmaceutical and fungistatic agents.

The present invention provides N-substituted imidazoles of the formula:

X is an alkyl or mercaptoalkyl radical or an electronegative substituent,

A is N or CH,

m is 0, 1 or 2, and

n is 0, 1 or 2,

in which acids. Suitable examples of organic acids are acetic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, sorbic acid and naphthalene-di-sulphonic acid-1,5. The salts with halogen hydracids, particularly hydrochloric acid, lactic acid and salicylic acid are of specially important interest.

The invention also provides a process for the production of the N-substituted imidazoles of the invention which comprises reacting a compound of the formula:

in which X, Y, A and m have the above meanings, and Z is O'H, chlorine or bromine, when Z is OH after reaction with a halogenating agent, optionally in the presence of an acid acceptor, with at least the theoretically required amount of irnidazole in a polar organic solvent at a temperature of 20 to 120 C., preferably at to C.

When the process is started from a compound in which Z is OH, then the halogenation may be carried out in an inert organic solvent, such as ether, petroleum ether, methylene chloride, benzene or toluene. All reagents suitable for the halogenation of tertiary alcohols can be used as halogenating agents, such as thionyl chloride, thionyl bromide, phosphoryl chloride, phosphoryl bromide, acetyl chloride and acetyl bromide. The halogenation is normally elIected with a temperature range of 0 to 100 C., preferably at 10 to 30 C., and after completion of the halogenation the solvent is replaced by a polar solvent. In some cases it may be advantageous to carry out the halogenation itself in a polar solvent directly followed, without intermediate isolation of the halide formed, by the reaction with the irnidazole.

Suitable polar organic solvents include acetonitrile, nitromethane, acetone, diethyl ketone, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, etc.

In carrying out the reaction, the tri-substituted methyl halide may be slowly added to a solution of the irnidazole which is either in solution or in the solid form.

The reaction mixture may be worked up in conventional manner, for example by concentrating or after diluting with water.

In preferred method of carrying out the present process, the starting compound (II) is reacted with the theoretically required amount of irnidazole together with the theoretically required amount of an acid-acceptor. Suitable acid-acceptors include the usual organic bases, such as triethylamine, pyridine, dimethyl-benzylamine or an alkylpyridine, and also inorganic compounds, for example alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates.

Some of the new compounds which can be prepared by the methods of Examples 1-3 are listed in Table 1 below, in which the meanings of X, Y, A, and m in Formula I are indicated for the various compounds.

7 TABLE 1 EXAMPLE 1 9- 4-fluorophenyl) -9-imidazolyl-fiuorene 27.6 g. (0.1 mol) of 9-(4-fiuorophenyl)-fluorenol-9 were dissolved in 250 ml. of dry methylene chloride and mixed at room temperature with 13.0 g. (0.11 mol) of thionyl chloride. The mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes, then boiled under reflux for 5 minutes and concentrated. The solid residue was washed with a little acetone and dried. Portions of the 9- (4-fluorophenyl) -9- chlorofluorene obtained in this way were introduced into a solution at 80 C. of g. of imidazole in 150 ml. of anhydrous acetonitrile. After 10 minutes the hot solution was filtered, concentrated and the residue mixed with water. After suction-filtration and trituration of the residue with ether, 31 g. of a yellowish crude product were obtained. Recrystallization from ethanol yielded 18.0 g. (55%) of colorless-crystals of the formula:

EXAMPLE 2 5 -phenyl-5 -imidazo1yl- [a,d] -dibenzocycloheptane 15.2 g. (0.05 mol) of S-phenyl-S-chloro-[a,d]-dibenzocycloheptane were added in portions to a boiling solution of 6.8 g. (0.10 mol) of dry imidazole in acetonitrile. The mixture was boiled for 10 minutes and then cooled to 0 C. After the addition of 100 ml. of ether, it was filtered off with suction. The residue was washed first with water and then with 100 ml. of ether. The combined ether filtrates were shaken out three times with portions of 200 ml. of water, then dried and concentrated. The residue was mixed with a little ethanol, cooled, filtered off with suction, washed with a little cold ether, combined with the fil e esidue first obta ne and dr e The o l yield 4 of the above formula: 13.1 g. (78%): white leaflets of M.P. 186-187 C.

The starting compound was obtained as follows: 28.6 g. (0.10 mol) of 5-phenyl-5-hydroxy-[a,d]-dibenzocycloheptane were suspended in 100 ml. of dry methylene chloride and mixed with 13.8 g. (0.12 mol) of thionylchloride. A vigorous S0 evolution started after a few minutes. The mixture was allowed to stand for 30 minutes, then boiled for 5 minutes and concentrated. The residue was recrystallized from light petrol. There were obtained 24.4 g. of 5-phenyl-5-chloro-[a,d]-dibenzocycloheptane of M.P. 115 C. (decomposition).

EXAMPLE 3 IO-phenyl-10-imidazolyl-thioxanthene 29.0 g. (0.10 mol) of lO-phenyl-IO-hydroxy-thioxanthene were boiled for one hour with 40 g. of acetyl chloride in 100 ml. of dry petroleum ether (40/60). The clear solution was decanted from a small amount of an oily precipitate and concentrated. The residue was taken up with 200 ml. of dry acetonitrile and the mixture boiled under reflux for 3 hours with 13.6 g. of dry imidazole. The mixture was subsequently concentrated, the residue mixed with water, filtered 0E with suction and dried. The crude product was recrystallized from cyclohexane. Yield: 17.5 g. (57%) of 10-phenyl-10-imidazolyl-thioxanthene of M.P. 179-181 C.

fumarate of (c): 182 C.; (decomposition) hydrochloride of (e): starting at C.; (decomposition) tartrate of (1:): 186 C.; (decomposition) salicylate of (1): 137 C.138 C.

The new N-substituted imidazoles are valuable pharmaceutical agents. Their microbiological efiectiveness can be seen from the description below.

In vitro on Sabourauds Milieu dEpreuve and in meat extract/glucose broth the new compounds exhibit a good fungistatic action against fungi pathogenic to humans such as:

Trichophyton species, especially Trick. ment., Trick.

rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum.

Microsporon species, especially M. canis, M. felineum and M. audouini.

Candida species, especially Candida albicans.

Further gemmiparous fungi, especially Cryptococci,

Histoplasma and Coccidioides species.

Aspergilles, especially A. fumigatus, A. niger and A.

nidulans.

Penicillium species, especially Pen commune.

Chron)iomycetes (Hormodendr um and Phialophors spe. t les 6 The minimum inhibitory concentrations against some binding agents, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, gelatin and of the above fungi are given in Table 2 below (in which the like. Lubricants, such as magnesium stearate, sodium the compounds are the indicated compounds of Table 1). lauryl sulphate and talc may also be used concurrently TABLE 2 for the production of the tablets. In the case of aqueous suspensions and/or elixirs which are intended for oral q p use, the active substance may be provided with various 5% M agents improving the flavor, coloring substances, emulsi- With Without With Without 4 mm B tiers and/ or other diluents, such as water, ethanol, propyl- Serum serum Semm Sewm mum ene glycol, glycerol and similar compounds or combina- -47 4v 41 41 10 tions thereof. 1007 4-107 47 47 47 In the case of parenteral application, solutions of the is; v 5 31 i active substances in sesame or peanut oil, or in aqueous 1 7, 1 propylene glycol or N,N-dimethylformamide can 'be em- 381 if Y 2:1 ployed as well as sterile aqueous solutions in the case of 1', 2, water-soluble compounds. Aqueous solutions of this kind 1 i51 10 should be buffered in the usual manner if necessary; furg, thermore, the liquid diluent should be rendered isotonic gal :81 366 $8 from the start by the addition of the necessary amount of z salt or glucose. Such aqueous solutions are particularly 10v 20 suitable for intravenous, intramuscular and intraperitoneal injections. Sterile aqueous media of this kind may In vivo, the preparations were therapeutically applied be prepared in know m nn r, as follows: For topical application (e.g. solutions, creams, oint- (1) In an experiment carried out on white mice infected ments) preferably a concentration of about 0.5 to 10 perwith Candida, when doses of 50-100 mg./-kg. body weight cent is used. were orally given once or twice daily, more than 80% of In the case of mice, rats, rabbits, dogs and cats the LD the animals survived the infection, whereas 95-100% of of the above compounds ranges from about 500 to 900 the untreated infected control animals died due to the mg./kg. of body weight when orally administered. infection 6 days p.i. The compounds (a), (d) and (f) The invention therefore also provides a pharmaceutical of Table 1 were especially efliective in this experimental composition comprising at least one of the new active arrangement. compounds or salts in admixture with a solid or liquid (2) In an experiment carried out on white mice infected diluent or carrier. with Trichophyton quinckeanum, the typical Quincke- The invention further provides a medicament in dosage anum dermatomycosis was treated with the compounds unit form comprising at least one of the new active com- (a), (d) and (f) with 2 mg./mouse orally per day (100 pounds either alone or in admixture with a solid or liquid mg./kg.). The course of the dermatomycosis was substandiluent or carrier. The medicament may include a protially shortened by this therapy; in a prophylactic experitective envelope containing the active compound and, if ment the development of the infection could be suppressed used, the d ent 0r Carrier. with the above-indicated dosage. The term medicament in dosage unit form as used (3) Wh l ll li d t guinea i i f t d ith in the present specification means a medicament as de- T i h, meri i l l f l h compounds fined above in the form of discrete portions each contain- (a), (f), (g) and (k), dissolved 1% in dimethylsulphoxing a single or unit dose, or a multiple or sub-multiple of ide/glycerol, h a good th ti ti a unit dose of the active compound or compounds. Such For humans the dosage amounts, on the average, to POTUOIIS y for p ill monolithic Coherent about 20 to about 60 mg./kg. body weight, preferably 30 form, $11011 as tablets, suppositories, Pills dragees; in to about rug/kg. body weight, given at intervals of pp or concealed form, Such as pp powders,

up to 12 hours for a period of about 12 to about 20 days. cachets, sachets 9 ps in ampoules. either free or It may sometimes be necessary to deviate from the as a sterile solution suitable for parenteral injection; or aforementioned quantities, depending for example on the 111 any other form known t the art.

method of application, the individual reaction to the 50 In addition f f Qmimywtic Q YJ compounds medicament, its formulation, and the moment of time Show good actlvlty against Pathogemc PTOtOZQa, 'YP' or interval at which it is administered. It may thus be q Trichomonas, En m eba hiswlytica, malaria sumhient in some casgs to manage with less than the parasites, Toxoplasma and against viruses and bacteria, above memioned minimum amount, whereas in other e.g. Staphylococci, streptococci, Klebsiella, E. coli. Furcases the indicated upper limit may have to be exceeded. ther the compounds activate the granulation in Wound If larger quantities are administered, it may be advisable healmg "E h YP activity to distribute these in several individual doses over the day. What claimed 15: I

The chemotherapeutic agents can be used as such or in An antlfungal composmon comprising an antifullgal combination with pharmaceutically acceptable solid or amount of a compound of the formula: liquid carriers. Suitable forms of application, in combina- Y tion with various inert carriers, are the following: tablets, capsules, powders, sprays, aqueous suspensions, injectable solutions, elixirs, syrups and the like. Such carriers comprise solid diluents (or fillers), a sterile aqueous medium, non-toxic organic solvents and the like. Tablets and the N- like intended for oral use may be provided with sweetening additives and similar substances. The therapeutically N active compound should normally be present at a concen- A tration of 0.5 to 90 percent by weight of the total mixture, in quantities which are sufficient to achieve the range wherein of dosage mentioned above. X is alkyl of l to 4 carbon atoms, mercaptoalkyl of 1 For oral application, the tablets can also contain addito 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, halogen, nitro, tives, such as sodium nitrate, calcium carbonate and dicyano or trifluoromethyl; calcium phosphate together with various other additives, Y is --CH=CH- or(CH in which n is 0, 1 or suchas starch (preferably potato starch) and the like, and 2;

A is CH; and

m is or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefor.

2. An antifungal composition according to claim 1, in which X is methyl, methylthio, trifiuoromethyl, fluoro, chloro or bromo.

3. An antifungal composition according to claim 1, wherein X is 4-F, A is CH and m is 1.

4. An antifungal composition according to claim wherein X is 4-Cl, A is CH and m is 1..

5. An antifungal composition according to claim 1, wherein X is 4-Br, A is CH and m is 1.

6. An antifungal composition according to claim wherein X is 3CF A is CH and m is 1.

7. An antifungal composition according to claim wherein X is 2-Cl, A is CH and m is 1.

8. An antifungal composition according to claim wherein X is 3-Cl, A is CH and m is 1.

9. An antifungal composition according to claim 1, wherein A is CH and m is 0.

10. An antifungal composition according to claim wherein X is 2-CH A is CH and m is 1.

11. An antifungal composition according to claim 1, wherein X is 2-CH n is 0, A is CH and m is 1.

12. The method of combatting fungi in an animal which comprises administering to said animal an antifungal amount of a compound of the formula:

H H v u Xm U wherein in which n is 0, 1

8 A is CH; and m is 0 or I or a ph-armaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

13. The method according to claim 12, in which X is methyl, methylthio, trifluoromethyl, fluoro, chloro or bromo.

14. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 4-F, A is CH and m is 1.

15. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 4-Cl, A is CH and m is 1.

16. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 4-Br, A is CH and m is 1.

17. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 3CF A is CH and m is 1.

18. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 2-Cl, A is CH and m is 1.

19. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 3-Cl, A is CH and m is 1.

20. The method according to claim 12, in which A is CH and m is 0.

21. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 2-CH A is CH and m is 1.

22. The method according to claim 12, in which X is 2-CH n is 0, A is CH and m is 1.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,530,183 9/1970 Kyburz et al 260-309 3,547,942 12/1970 Godefroi et a1. 260309 FOREIGN PATENTS 585,555 4/1960 Belgium 260309 OTHER REFERENCES Blicke et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., vol. 58, pp. 559'-62. (1936).

Lester et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., vol. 68, pp. 375- (1946).

Wittig et al., Berichte, vol. 75, pp. 1491-1500 (1942).

JEROME D. GOLDBERG, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

Page 1 of 3 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 3, 737,543 DATED June 5, 1973 |NV ENTOR(S) WILFRIED DRABER ET AL ltis certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Please rewrite claims 3-11 and 14-22 to read as follows:

--3. An antifungal composition according to claim 1,

wherein X is 4-F, Y is -(CH wherein E is 0, A is CH and m is l.

wherein X is 4-01, Y is -(CH wherein r 1 is 0, A is CH and Q is l.

wherein X is -Br, Y is -(CH wherein n is 0, A is CH and An antifungal composition according to claim 1,

An antifungal composition according to claim 1,

Q is l. g I

6 An antifungal composition according to claim 1, wherein x is 3-CF Y is -(CH wherein'n is 0, A is CH and m is l.

7. An antifungal composition according to claim 1,

vherein X is 2-61, Y is -(CH wherein n is 0, A is CH and 8. An antifungal composition according to claim 1 wherein x is 3-c1, Y is -(CH wherein B is 0, A is on and is l.

UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMhfiiibiFti JE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT NO. 1 3,737,548 DATED Jun 5, 1973 |NVENTOR(S) WILFRIED DRABER ET AL It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below;

9. An antifungal composition according to claim 1,

wherein Y is -(CH wherein n is 0, A is CH and g; is (1.

10. An antifungal composition according to claim 1 wherein X is 2-CH Y is -(CH wherein n; is 0, A is CH and 3, m is 1.

11. An antifungal composition according to claim 1, wherein x is 4-sc1i g is 0, Y is -(CH wherein a is o, A

is CH and E is 1.,"

14. A method according to claim 12 in which X is r-F,

Y is -(CH wherein Q is O, A is CH and m is l.

15. A method according to claim 12 in which X is 4-01 Y is -(CH wherein 2 is 0, A is CH and m is 1.

16. A method according to-claim 12 in wtich x. is r-Br,

Y is -(CH wherein n is O, A is CH and m is 17. A method according to claim 12 in which X is 3-CF Y is -=(CH wherein n is 0, A is CH and g is l.

g is 0, Y is '(C'H2)n': wherein n is 0, A is CH and m is l.--

Page 3 of 3 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORREC'HUN PATENT NO. 3, 737, 548

DATED June 5, 1973 mvmroms) WILFRIED DRABER ET AL it is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

18. A method according to claim 12 in which X is 2-61,

Y is -(CH wherein R is o, A is cn and m is 1 19. A method according to claim 12 in which X is 361, Y is -(CH wherein n is 0, A is CH and m is l.

20. A methodaccording to claim 12 in which Y is -(CH wherein n is 0, A is CH and m is 0.

'21. A method according to claim 12 in which X is 2-=CH Y is -(CH wherein r 1 is 0, A is CH and m is 1.,

22. A method according to claim 12 in which X is 4%SCH Signed and eicd this Tenth Day 0i August 1976 [SEAL] A nest:

' RUTH C. MASON Auesring Officer 

